What is Sudoku?

Sudoku is a logic-based, combinatorial number-placement puzzle. The objective is to fill a 9×9 grid with digits so that each column, each row, and each of the nine 3×3 subgrids (also called "boxes" or "regions") contain all of the digits from 1 to 9. The puzzle setter provides a partially completed grid, which for a well-posed puzzle has a single solution.

History of Sudoku

While Sudoku-like puzzles have appeared in newspapers since the late 19th century, the modern Sudoku was most likely designed by Howard Garns, a 74-year-old retired architect and freelance puzzle constructor from Indiana. It was first published in 1979 by Dell Magazines under the name "Number Place."

The puzzle was introduced to Japan by the puzzle company Nikoli in the paper Monthly Nikolist in April 1984. Nikoli president Maki Kaji gave it the name "Sudoku," a contraction of the Japanese phrase "Sūji wa dokushin ni kagiru," which means "the numbers must be single."

The puzzle became an international hit in 2004 when Wayne Gould, a retired Hong Kong judge, convinced The Times of London to publish the puzzles. From there, Sudoku quickly spread to other newspapers around the world and developed into the global phenomenon it is today.

Benefits of Playing Sudoku

Beyond being an enjoyable pastime, Sudoku offers several cognitive benefits:

Improves Memory

Remembering which numbers are already placed and which ones are still needed exercises your memory function.

Develops Logic

The deduction required to solve puzzles enhances your logical thinking and problem-solving abilities.

Enhances Concentration

Focusing on the puzzle improves your concentration and attention span.

Reduces Stress

The focused meditation-like state of solving puzzles can be calming and reduce anxiety.

Delays Cognitive Decline

Regular mental exercise like Sudoku may help keep your brain young and delay conditions like dementia.

Provides Achievement

The satisfaction of completing a puzzle gives a sense of accomplishment and boosts confidence.

Understanding Difficulty Levels

At Little Sudoku, we offer five different difficulty levels to cater to all players, from beginners to experts. Each level is carefully calibrated to provide an appropriate challenge.

Easy

Starting cells: 35-45
Techniques needed: Basic only
Avg. completion time: 5-15 minutes

Easy puzzles are perfect for beginners. They use straightforward techniques like "sole candidate" and "unique candidate." Most cells can be solved by scanning rows, columns, and boxes to find where a number must go. These puzzles rarely require complex chains of logic.

Medium

Starting cells: 28-34
Techniques needed: Basic + Intermediate
Avg. completion time: 15-30 minutes

Medium puzzles introduce more complex techniques like "pointing pairs" and "box/line reduction." You'll often need to use pencil marks to track candidate numbers. While still approachable, these puzzles require a bit more thought and planning.

Hard

Starting cells: 24-27
Techniques needed: Intermediate + Advanced
Avg. completion time: 30-60 minutes

Hard puzzles require advanced techniques like "X-Wing" and "Swordfish." These puzzles often involve multiple layers of deduction, where solving one cell creates a chain reaction allowing other cells to be solved. Extensive use of candidate tracking is essential.

Expert

Starting cells: 20-23
Techniques needed: Advanced
Avg. completion time: 1-2 hours

Expert puzzles demand sophisticated techniques like "Y-Wing," "XYZ-Wing," and "Coloring." At this level, you'll need to identify complex patterns across the entire board and often work with multiple potential scenarios. These puzzles test even seasoned Sudoku enthusiasts.

Master

Starting cells: 17-19
Techniques needed: Advanced + Expert
Avg. completion time: 2+ hours

Master puzzles represent the pinnacle of Sudoku challenge. They employ the most difficult techniques like "Unique Rectangles," "Sue de Coq," and even "Forcing Chains." These puzzles often require trial and error approaches and exceptional pattern recognition. Only the most dedicated solvers should attempt these brain-bending challenges.

Advanced Solving Techniques

As you progress through different difficulty levels, you'll need to master increasingly sophisticated solving techniques. Here are some of the more common advanced methods:

Naked Pairs

When two cells in the same row, column, or box can only contain the same two numbers, those numbers can be eliminated from other cells in that region.

Hidden Pairs

When a pair of numbers can only be placed in two cells within a row, column, or box, all other candidate numbers can be eliminated from those cells.

X-Wing

When a candidate appears in exactly two cells in each of two different rows, and these cells also align in columns, the candidate can be eliminated from other cells in those columns.

Swordfish

An extension of X-Wing involving three rows and three columns, creating a complex pattern that allows for candidate elimination.

Y-Wing (XY-Wing)

A pattern involving three cells where eliminations can be made based on a logical chain of potential values.

Forcing Chains

Following logical consequences of placing a particular number in a cell to see if it leads to a contradiction, thereby determining if that placement is valid or not.

How We Generate Our Puzzles

At Little Sudoku, we take pride in offering high-quality, unique puzzles at every difficulty level. Our puzzles are created using a sophisticated algorithm that ensures each puzzle:

  • Has a single, unique solution
  • Can be solved using logical deduction without guessing
  • Matches its assigned difficulty level consistently
  • Provides an enjoyable solving experience

Our puzzle generation process begins with creating a fully solved grid, then strategically removing numbers while ensuring the puzzle remains solvable through logical means. The difficulty is calibrated based on which solving techniques are required and how many steps are needed to complete the puzzle.

We continuously refine our algorithms based on player feedback and solving statistics to provide the best possible Sudoku experience.

About Little Sudoku

Little Sudoku was created by a team of puzzle enthusiasts who wanted to build the ultimate online Sudoku experience. Our mission is to provide a clean, intuitive platform for players of all skill levels to enjoy this timeless logic puzzle.

We're constantly working to improve the site based on user feedback. If you have suggestions or encounter any issues, please don't hesitate to contact us.

Thank you for playing Little Sudoku! We hope you enjoy the countless hours of brain-teasing entertainment our puzzles provide.

- The Little Sudoku Team